Roderick M. Hills Jr.

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Ending the “Woke” Wars: A Federalism-Based Mechanism for Enforcing Civil-Rights Grant Conditions

Arguing that ambiguous civil-rights spending conditions enable presidents to nationalize harmfully polarizing culture-war fights, this essay urges a fix rooted in pluralism-promoting federalism: Enforce Title VI’s pinpointing provision with greater proportionality and severability. By scaling sanctions to funding, revitalized pinpointing lowers partisan polarization through decentralization while preserving core civil-rights protections.